
Expenses of €153 million arising from a change in the parameters used to calculate the fair value essentially of financial instruments classified as held for trading and at fair value through profit and loss are shown in a separate line in the income statement called “Other non-operating expenses” (changes in accounting estimates, compliant with IAS 8.32 et seq.). This involves an effect, which is non-recurrent in this magnitude, arising from the initial application of the fair-value discount which takes account of other factors influencing the calculation of the fair value and thus increases the quality of our conservative fair value calculation.